Journal
CARBON
Volume 62, Issue -, Pages 288-295Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.05.066
Keywords
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Funding
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2012M510178]
- Natural Science Foundation of China [51202076, 20825520]
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2011YQ12003503]
- Beijing Natural Science Foundation [8112017]
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We report a lithium-air battery with a free-standing, highly porous Pd-modified carbon nanotube (Pd-CNT) sponge cathode. The Pd-CNT sponge was synthesized through a chemical vapor deposition growth followed with an electrochemical deposition process. To build a whole lithium-air battery, the air cathode is integrated with a ceramic electrolyte-protected lithium metal anode and non-volatile ionic liquid electrolyte. The lithium anode is stable during the operation and long-time storage and the ionic liquid is chemically inert. By controlling the amount of ionic liquid electrolyte, the sponge is wet but not fulfilled by the electrolyte. Such configuration offers a tricontinuous passage for lithium ions, oxygen and electrons, which is propitious to the discharge reaction. In addition, the existence of Pd nanoparticles improves the catalytic reactivity of the oxygen reduction reaction. The battery is durable to any humidity level and delivers a capacity as high as 9092 mA h g(-1). (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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