Journal
CARBON
Volume 50, Issue 10, Pages 3915-3927Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2012.04.045
Keywords
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Funding
- Ministry of Education and Science of the Rebublic of Serbia [III45014, OI172043]
- Serbian Academy of Science and Arts through the project Electrocatalysis in the contemporary processes of energy conversion
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Nitrogen-containing nanostructured carbon materials, C-nanoPANI, C-nanoPANI-DNSA and C-nanoPANI-SSA, were prepared by the carbonization of nanostructured polyaniline (PANI) doped with sulfuric acid, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA), and 5-sulfosalicylic acid (SSA), respectively. The charge storage ability of these materials was investigated in alkaline solution. It was found that the specific capacitance increased in the order: C-nanoPANI-DNSA < C-nanoPANI < C-nanoPANI-SSA. The highest capacitance, amounting to 410 Fg(-1) at a scan rate of 5 mVs(-1), was found for C-nanoPANI-SSA. At a large rate of 10 Ag-1, its capacitance displayed a stable value close to 200 Fg(-1). To explain the observed differences in charge storage properties, the materials were characterized by different techniques able to ascertain their morphology, elemental composition, nitrogen surface concentration, chemical state of nitrogen, pore structure and electrical conductivity. All materials were essentially microporous with relatively small fraction of mesopores and displayed conductivities in the range 0.32-0.83 Scm(-1). The best charge-storage performance of C-nanoPANI-SSA was attributed to its highest surface fraction of nitrogen, the highest surface content of pyridinic nitrogen groups, and the highest electrical conductivity, as well as to its well-balanced micro- and mesoporosity and highest content of mesopores. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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