Journal
FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
Volume 31, Issue 1, Pages 65-72Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10695-005-5288-5
Keywords
erythrocytes; haematology; hypoxia; Oncorhynchus mykiss; oxidative radicals
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This paper evaluates the response of trout exposed to acute hypoxia between 8.7 mgO(2)/l (controls) and 1.4 mgO(2)/l. Temperature, pH, NH4, oxygen consumption rate and spleen-somatic index (SSI) were evaluated. Blood cell counts, oxidative radicals (ORs) production and immature erythrocytes were assessed to evaluate their relationship with the degree of hypoxia. Acute hypoxia induced a decrease in water pH (p < 0.05), oxygen consumption rate (60% less), SSI (55% less) and a significant increase of water ammonium concentration (p < 0.05). Haematocrit increased significantly starting at 4.8 mgO(2)/l, as well as an increase in the total number of leukocytes (up to 50% in some fish). Starting at 2 mgO(2)/l, swelling of erythrocytes was induced and a decrease in the potential production of ORs, showing a negative correlation to immature erythrocyte numbers. These results suggest that lower than normal oxygen concentrations may jeopardize ORs production and hence non-specific defence mechanisms in trout. High percentages of immature erythrocytes can be used as a simple and inexpensive indicator of both hypoxic events and impairment of ORs production in the absence of bleeding, haemolysis, anti-anaemia treatments and/or increased temperature.
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