Journal
CARBON
Volume 47, Issue 1, Pages 94-101Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2008.09.033
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Experimental and analytical techniques are introduced for the quantitative, nanoscale mapping of chemical bonding information in carbon-based materials. With these techniques, the spatial orientation of graphitic crystallites in tetrahedrally bonded amorphous carbon was imaged. Simultaneously, the percentage of sp(2-) and sp(3)-bonded carbon could be mapped quantitatively, all with spatial resolution of just a few nanometers. Two electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) techniques were compared: low-loss mapping of the plasmon energy and core-loss mapping of the carbon ionization edge. The recently developed EELS acquisition routine of binned gain averaging was applied, together with multivariate statistical analysis, providing a robust method for obtaining real-space, two-dimensional bonding maps. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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