Journal
PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Volume 87, Issue 1, Pages 33-46Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2004.06.003
Keywords
presynaptic inhibition; GABA receptors; tonic; phasic; subunit
Categories
Funding
- Medical Research Council [G0400627(76527), G0600368(77987), G0600368] Funding Source: Medline
- Wellcome Trust [071179] Funding Source: Medline
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Although GABA(A) receptors are widely distributed at inhibitory synapses on dendrites and cell bodies of neurons, they also occur in other places, in particular at synapses made on axons and in extrasynaptic membranes. This review summarises some of the evidence that presynaptic receptors modulate transmission not only at primary afferents in the spinal cord, but also at a variety of sites in the brain, including hippocampal mossy fibres. These receptors modulate transmitter release via several different mechanisms. Another form of unconventional GABA(A) receptor-mediated signalling is the mediation of a tonic conductance, seen in granule cells of the cerebellum and dentate gyrus and also in hippocampal interneurons. Tonic signalling appears to be mediated by extrasynaptic receptors. The adaptive significance of this form of signalling remains poorly understood. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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