Journal
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 67, Issue -, Pages 335-376Publisher
ANNUAL REVIEWS
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physiol.67.040403.120151
Keywords
steroid receptors; protein kinases; membrane receptors; gene transcription
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Funding
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R01CA046938] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [R01DK049030] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NCI NIH HHS [CA46938] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [DK49030] Funding Source: Medline
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The female sex steroid hormones 17 beta-estradiol and progesterone mediate their biological effects on development, differentiation, and maintenance of reproductive tract and other target tissues through gene regulation by nuclear steroid receptors that function as ligand-dependent transcription factors. However, not all effects of 17 beta-estradiol and progesterone are mediated by direct control of gene expression. These hormones also have rapid stimulatory effects on the activities of a variety of signal transduction molecules and pathways and, in many cases, these effects appear to be initiated from the plasma cell membrane. There is growing evidence that a subpopulation of the conventional nuclear steroid receptor localized at the cell membrane mediates many of the rapid signaling actions of steroid hormones; however, novel membrane receptors unrelated to conventional steroid receptors have also been implicated. This chapter reviews the nature of the receptors that mediate rapid signaling actions of estrogen and progesterone and describes the signaling molecules and pathways involved, the mechanisms by which receptors couple with components of signaling complexes and trigger responses, and the target tissues and cell functions regulated by this mode of steroid hormone action.
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