Thermal responsive hydrogels based on semi interpenetrating network of poly(NIPAm) and cellulose nanowhiskers

A hybrid hydrogel nanocomposite was developed based on semi interpenetrating network that was formed as a result of concurrent free radical polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) and methylenebis acrylamide (MBA) crosslinker along with cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs). CNWs were synthesized through sulfuric acid hydrolysis and used in preparation of semi interpenetrating network (IPN). CNWs have considered as reinforcement materials for poly(NIPAm) because CNWs were distributed as strengthening entities in Poly(NIPAm). N-isopropylacrylamide was polymerized in presence of methylenebis acrylamide crosslinking agent using K2S208 as initiator at 700 degrees C for 1 h. The resulting hydrogel's structure, morphology, thermal sensitive property and swelling behavior were investigated. It was found that introducing CNWs into Poly(NIPAm) causes a huge increase in the value of equilibrium swelling ratio (ESR) as compared with the pure PNIPAm. The ESR ranges from 21.6 g/g to 5 g/g as the swelling temperature changes from 310 C to 340 degrees C; hence, the hydrogel exhibits a good responsive temperature at about 320 degrees C. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.