Journal
NEW GENERATION COMPUTING
Volume 23, Issue 3, Pages 219-231Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/BF03037656
Keywords
cryptography; s-boxes; nonlinearity; autocorrelation; simulated annealing
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Substitution boxes (S-boxes) are important components in many modern-day symmetric key ciphers. Their study has attracted a great deal of attention over many years. The emergence of a variety of cryptosystem attacks has shown that substitutions must be designed with great care. Some general criteria such as high non-linearity and low autocorrelation have been 14 proposed (providing some protection against attacks such as linear cryptanalysis and differential cryptanalysis). The design of appropriate S-boxes is a difficult task; several criteria must be traded off and the design space is huge. There has been little application of evolutionary search to the development of S-boxes. In this paper we show how a cost function that has found excellent single-output Boolean functions can be generalised to provide improved results for small S-boxes.
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