Journal
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
Volume 84, Issue 4, Pages 1282-1288Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.01.022
Keywords
Gallic acid covalently-linked chitooligosaccharides (gallate-COS); Reactive oxygen species (ROS); Antioxidant; Mouse macrophages (RAW264.7 cells)
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Funding
- Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime, Republic of Korea
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In this research, a novel derivative of chitooligosaccharides (COS) was synthesized by covalently linking gallic acid and COS (gallate-COS) via carbodiimide to improve cellular antioxidant activity. The direct intracellular radical scavenging effect of gallate-COS by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) method, and the inhibition of oxidation of cellular macromolecules, such as DNA, protein and lipid in mouse macrophages (RAW264.7 cells) were determined. Furthermore, with the treatment of gallate-COS, the expression levels of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) were significantly increased according to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. In addition, gallate-COS decreased reactive oxygen species induced activation of the nuclear transcription factor (NF-kappa B). Collectively, these results suggest that gallate-COS can be used as a potential natural compound-based antioxidant in the functional food and pharmaceutical industries. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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