Journal
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
Volume 39, Issue 2, Pages 171-179Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.08.004
Keywords
Breast cancer; Tumour microenvironment; Metabolism; Warburg effect; Hypoxia
Categories
Funding
- METOXIA
- Scottish Funding Council
- Charon Fund
- Breakthrough Breast Cancer
- Oxford NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Centre
- Breast Cancer Research Foundation
- Cancer Research UK Imaging Centre
- MRC [G0400170] Funding Source: UKRI
- Cancer Research UK [11359] Funding Source: researchfish
- Medical Research Council [G0400170] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Institute for Health Research [NF-SI-0611-10163] Funding Source: researchfish
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Radiation and drug resistance remain major challenges and causes of mortality in the treatment of locally advanced, recurrent and metastatic breast cancer. Metabolic reprogramming is a recently recognised hallmark of cancer with the hypoxic acidic extracellular environment as a major driver of invasion and metastases. Nearly 40% of all breast cancers and 50% of locally advanced breast cancers are hypoxic and their altered metabolism is strongly linked to resistance to radiotherapy and systemic therapy. The dependence of metabolically adapted breast cancer cells on alterations in cell function presents a wide range of new therapeutic targets such as carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX). This review highlights preclinical approaches to evaluating an array of targets against tumour metabolism in breast cancer and early phase clinical studies on efficacy. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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