Journal
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES
Volume 50, Issue 8, Pages 544-551Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2015.1028830
Keywords
phenylurea herbicides; diuron; monuron; linuron; sorption isotherm; Biochar
Funding
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH [5 P42 ES004699]
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) through Hatch Formula Funding [W-2082]
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Biochar is increasingly been used as a soil amendment to improve water-holding capacity, reduce nutrient leaching, increase soil pH, and also as a means to reduce contamination through sorption of heavy metals or organic pollutants. The sorption behavior of three phenylurea herbicides (monuron, diuron and linuron) on five biochars (Enhanced Biochar, Hog Waste, Turkey Litter, Walnut Shell and Wood Feedstock) and an agricultural soil (Yolo silt loam) was investigated using a batch equilibration method. Sorption isotherms of herbicides to biochars were well described by the Freundlich model (R-2 = 0.93-0.97). The adsorption K-F values ranged from 6.94 to 1306.95mg kg(-1) and indicated the sorption of herbicides in the biochars and Yolo soil was in the sequence of linuron > diuron > monuron and walnut shell biochar > wood feedstock biochar > turkey litter biochar > enhanced biochar > hog waste biochar > Yolo soil. These data show that sorption of herbicides to biochar can have both positive (reduced off-site transport) and negative (reduced herbicide efficacy) implications and specific biochar properties, such as H/C ratio and surface area, should be considered together with soil type, agriculture chemical and climate condition in biochar application to agricultural soil to optimize the system for both agricultural and environmental benefits.
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