Journal
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS PART 2-LETTERS & EXPRESS LETTERS
Volume 44, Issue 24-27, Pages L803-L805Publisher
INST PURE APPLIED PHYSICS
DOI: 10.1143/JJAP.44.L803
Keywords
carbon nanotube; silicon carbide; scanning tunneling microscopy; moire pattern; surface decomposition
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Nucleation stages of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on a SiC(0001) Si-face (4 degrees off toward [11 (2) over bar0]) by surface decomposition are investigated by means of in-situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). After a relatively short heating time at 1600 degrees C, moire patterns and small nuclei appear on the surface due to the evaporation of Si atoms and, as a result of this, surface graphitization. Modelling of the moire pattern indicates the formation of a single graphene sheet on top of the SiC surface. Local swelling (similar to 1 nm in diameter) of such a graphene sheet, possibly resulting from the compressive stress at the graphene/ SiC interface, gives rise to a CNT nucleus. In the stages that follow, the nucleus is continuously and unidirectionally prolonged and rolled-up, which may result in a final form such as a CNT.
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