Journal
ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY
Volume 7, Issue 1, Pages 12-19Publisher
BMC
DOI: 10.1186/ar1469
Keywords
inflammatory cytokines; innate immunity; interferons; TIR-domain containing adapter; TLR
Categories
Ask authors/readers for more resources
The family of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) senses conserved structures found in a broad range of pathogens, causing innate immune responses that include the production of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and interferons. The signal transduction is initiated from the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain of TLRs after pathogen recognition. Almost all TLRs use a TIR-containing adapter MyD88 to activate a common signaling pathway that results in the activation of NF-kappaB to express cytokine genes relevant to inflammation. Recently, three further TIR-containing adapters have been identified and shown to selectively interact with several TLRs. In particular, activation of the TRIF-dependent pathway confers antiviral responses by inducing anti-viral genes including that encoding interferon-beta. Taken together, these results indicate that the interaction between individual TLRs and the different combinations of adapters directs appropriate responses against distinct pathogens.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available