The relation between obesity, abdominal fat deposit and the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism and its association with coronary heart disease

Objective: To analyse the relation between overweight, obesity and fat distribution with I/D polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene and its association with coronary heart disease (CHD). Design: Cross-sectional, case-control study. Subjects: A total of 185 cases (141 males) who had suffered at least one episode of CHD and 182 controls (127 males). Measurements: Body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholestrol and fasting glucose were measured with standard methods, genotyping the I/D polymorphism of ACE gene. Results: Obesity and abdominal fat deposit are associated with CHD in women, but not independently. We have found an association between obesity and abdominal fat deposit with the ACE gene I/D polymorphism in subjects with CHD. Subjects with CHD and DD or ID genotypes have significantly higher prevalence of obesity and abdominal fat deposit and higher values of weight and waist circumference. In addition, the DD and ID genotypes increased crude OR of obesity. The DD and ID genotypes of the ACE gene I/D polymorphism and BMI are independently associated with CHD. Conclusion: There is a relation between the type and grade of obesity with the genotypes of the ACE gene I/D polymorphism in subjects with CHD.