Journal
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
Volume 94, Issue 1, Pages 134-143Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1002/jps.20228
Keywords
cystic fibrosis; pharmacology; chloride channel; diarrhea; cholera toxin; HPLC; mass spectrometry; drug metabolism
Funding
- NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE [R01EY013574] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE [P50HL060288, R01HL059198] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING AND BIOENGINEERING [R37EB000415, R01EB000415] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [R01DK035124, R37DK035124] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NEI NIH HHS [EY13574] Funding Source: Medline
- NHLBI NIH HHS [HL59198, HL60288] Funding Source: Medline
- NIBIB NIH HHS [EB00415] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [DK35124] Funding Source: Medline
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A small-molecule inhibitor of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), 3-[(3-trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-[(4-carboxyphenyl)methylene]-2-thioxo-4-thiazolidinone (CFTRinh-172), reduces enterotoxin-induced intestinal fluid secretion in rodents. Here, we study CFTRinh-172 pharmacology and antidiarrheal efficacy in rodents using C-14-labeled CFTRinh-172, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, and a closed intestinal loop model of fluid secretion. CFTRinh-172 was cleared primarily by renal glomerular filtration without chemical modification. CFTRinh-172 accumulated in liver within 5 min after intravenous infusion in mice, and was concentrated fivefold in bile over blood. At 30-240 min, CFTRinh-172 was found mainly in liver, intestine, and kidney, with little detectable in the brain, heart, skeletal muscle, or lung. Pharmacokinetic analysis in rats following intravenous bolus infusion showed a distribution volume of 770 mL with redistribution and elimination half-times of 0.14 h and 10.3 h, respectively. CFTRinh-172 was stable in hepatic microsomes. Closed-loop studies in mice indicated that a single intraperitoneal injection of 20 mug CFTRinh-172 inhibited fluid accumulation at 6 h after cholera toxin by >90% in duodenum and jejunum, similar to60% in ileum and <10% in colon. No toxicity was seen after high-dose CFTRinh-172 administration (3 mg/kg/day in two daily doses) in mice over the first 6 weeks of life. The metabolic stability, enterohepatic recirculation, slow renal elimination, and intestinal accumulation of CFTRinh-172 account for its efficacy as an antidiarrheal. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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