Difficulties in maintaining potassium homeostasis in patients with heart failure

Potassium (K) concentration plays a significant role in cell metabolism and membrane excitability. The imbalance of serum potassium is important because it can lead to life-threatening events. Potassium balance may be lost both through the neurohormonal mechanisms involved in cardiovascular diseases and through the drugs used in the treatment of this illness. Avoiding both hypo- and hyperkalemia is beneficial in several cardiovascular diseases,. especially heart failure. Electrolyte abnormalities are frequently seen complications in subjects with heart failure. Malignant ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death are particularly feared complications in K+ instability.