Ti 2p and O 1s core levels and chemical bonding in titanium-bearing oxides

A set of available experimental data on the binding energies of Ti 2p(3/2) and 0 Is core levels in titanium-bearing oxides has been presented by using the binding energy difference (0 1s-Ti 2P(3/2)) as a robust parameter to characterize these compounds. An empirical relationship between the (0 1s-Ti 2P(3/2)) values measured with XPS and the mean chemical bond length L(Ti-O) in these crystals has been discussed for Ti4+-compounds. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.