Journal
CLEFT PALATE-CRANIOFACIAL JOURNAL
Volume 43, Issue 1, Pages 7-20Publisher
ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS
DOI: 10.1597/04-122R1.1
Keywords
associated anomalies; cleft lip; cleft lip and palate; phenotype; unaffected relatives
Categories
Funding
- NIDCR NIH HHS [R01-DE016148, P50-DE016215, R01-DE09886, P60-DE13076, R01 DE016148] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH [R01DE016148] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL &CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH [P50DE016215, R01DE009886, P60DE013076] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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The Pittsburgh Oral-Facial Cleft study was begun in 1993 with the primary goal of identifying genes involved in nonsyndromic orofacial clefts in a variety of populations worldwide. Based on the results from a number of pilot studies and preliminary genetic analyses, a new research focus was added to the Pittsburgh Oral-Facial Cleft study in 1999: to elucidate the role that associated phenotypic features play in the familial transmission patterns of orofacial clefts in order to expand the definition of the nonsyndromic cleft phenotype. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of phenotypic features associated with nonsyndromic orofacial clefts. These features include fluctuating and directional asymmetry, non-right-handedness, dermatoglyphic patterns, craniofacial morphology, orbicularis oris muscle defects, dental anomalies, structural brain and vertebral anomalies, minor physical anomalies, and velopharyngeal incompetence.
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