Journal
MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY
Volume 8, Issue 3, Pages 203-226Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10126-005-0097-5
Keywords
chitin; polysaccharide; marine biopolymers; biomass resource; biological activity; chemical modification; chitosan; biomedical application; unutilized biomass resource
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Chitin and chitosan, typical marine polysaccharides as well as abundant biomass resources, are attracting a great deal of attention because of their distinctive biological and physicochemical characteristics. To fully explore the high potential of these specialty biopolymers, basic and application researches are being made extensively. This review deals with the fundamental aspects of chitin and chitosan such as the preparation of chitin and chitosan, crystallography, extent of N-acetylation, and some properties. Recent progress of their chemistry is then discussed, focusing on elemental modification reactions including acylation, alkylation, Schiff base formation and reductive alkylation, carboxyalkylation, phthaloylation, silylation, tosylation, quaternary salt formation, and sulfation and thiolation.
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