Journal
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
Volume 30, Issue 5, Pages 696-712Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2005.12.003
Keywords
choline; cognition; learning; memory; perinatal; acetylcholine; cholinergic; development; rats; brain; neurology; rodent studies
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Funding
- NCCIH NIH HHS [K05 AT001323-01] Funding Source: Medline
- NIMHD NIH HHS [P60-MD00222] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL CENTER FOR COMPLEMENTARY &ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE [K05AT001323] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL CENTER ON MINORITY HEALTH AND HEALTH DISPARITIES [P60MD000222] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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This review is part of a series intended for non-specialists that will provide an overview of evidence for causal relationships between micronutrient deficiencies and brain function. Here, we review 34 studies in rodents linking the availability of choline during gestation and perinatal development to neurological function or performance of offspring in cognitive and behavioral tests. Experimental designs, major results, and statistical criteria are summarized in Tables 1-4. Based on our reading of the literature, the evidence suggests that choline supplementation during development results in improved performance of offspring in cognitive or behavioral tests, and in changes in a variety of neurological functional indicators: (1) enhanced performance was observed, particularly on more difficult tasks; (2) increases (choline supplementation) or decreases (choline deficiency) were observed in electrophysiological responsiveness and size of neurons in offspring; and (3) supplementation resulted in some protection against adverse effects of several neurotoxic agents (including alcohol) in offspring. Discussion topics include methodological issues, such as the importance of independent replication, causal criteria, and uncertainties in interpreting test results. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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