Journal
NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
Volume 56, Issue 1, Pages 74-81Publisher
ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1207/s15327914nc5601_10
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Funding
- NCCIH NIH HHS [R01 AT 00639] Funding Source: Medline
- NCRR NIH HHS [T32 RR 07009] Funding Source: Medline
- NHLBI NIH HHS [P01 HL 45666] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL CENTER FOR COMPLEMENTARY &ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE [R01AT000639] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES [T32RR007009] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE [P01HL045666] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Glyceollins are a novel class of soybean phytoalexins with potential cancer-protective antiestrogenic effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the estrogen-antagonist effects of glyceollin-enriched soy protein on biomarkers for breast cancer risk. Thirty female postmenopausal cynomolgus macaques were randomized to one of three dietary treatments for 3 wk: 1) estradiol (E2, 1 mg/day) + casein/lactalbumin (control); 2) E2 + soy protein isolate (SPI) containing 194 mg/day isoflavonoids; and 3) E2 + glyceollin-enriched soy protein (GLY) containing 189 mg/day isoflavonoids + 134 mg/day glyceollins. Doses are expressed in calorically scaled human equivalents. Mean serum glyceollin concentrations at 4 h postfeeding were 134.2 +/- 34.6 nmol/L in the GLY group and negligible in the SPI group (P = 0.0007). Breast proliferation was significantly increased in the control group (+237%, P = 0.01) but not in the SPI group (+198%, P = 0.08) or GLY group (+36%, P = 0.18). Gene expression of trefoil factor I and progesterone receptor, two markers of estrogen receptor activity in breast epithelium, were also significantly higher in the control (P < 0.05 for both) but not in the GLY group. These preliminary findings suggest that soybean glyceollins are natural compounds with potential estrogen-modulating properties in the breast.
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