Intra-thallus phlorotannin content and antioxidant activity in Phaeophyceae of temperate waters

This study focuses on the intra-thallus variation in phlorotannin content and antioxidant activity in temperate brown seaweeds. Two species of Fucales (Ascophyllum nodosum and Sargassum muticum) and two species of Lanninariales (Laminaria digitata and L. hyperborea) were collected from the shoreline of Brittany (France). Both Fucales contained high phenolic levels along their thallus (ca. 5% DW in A. nodosum and 6% DW in S. muticum). No significant differences were found between vegetative and reproductive parts of A. nodosum. In contrast, intrathallus and inter-specific variations were observed in phenolic contents of the two species of Laminariales studied. In L. digitata, phenolic content was about 0.2% DW, with a maximum in the holdfast, whereas in L. hyperborea, it averaged about 2.6% DW, with the highest value measured in the basal part of the old blade. In both species, phlorotannin contents were lower in the meristematic region. Intra-thallus variations of the antioxidant activity measured by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl) method were also detected. Antioxidant activity was correlated to the phenol contents of the different parts of thalli in three species. In L. digitata, no activity was found because of low phenol levels. The observed variations in both the antioxidant activity and the phenol content could result from qualitative features of the phenolic pool.