Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
Volume 1, Issue 4, Pages 473-481Publisher
DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.2147/nano.2006.1.4.473
Keywords
nanoparticle; nanocrystal; semiconductor; cancer; tumor; tissue section; live cell
Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA108468, R01 CA108468-01, U54 CA119338] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [P20 GM072069] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R01CA108468] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [P20GM072069] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are a new class of fluorescent labels with broad applications in biomedical imaging, disease diagnostics, and molecular and cell biology In comparison with organic dyes and fluorescent proteins, quantum dots have unique optical and electronic properties such as size-tunable light emission, improved signal brightness, resistance against photobleaching, and simultaneous excitation of multiple fluorescence colors. Recent advances have led to multifunctional nanoparticle probes that are highly bright and stable under complex in vitro and in vivo conditions. New designs involve encapsulating luminescent QDs with amphiphilic block copolymers, and linking the polymer coating to tumor-targeting ligands and drug-delivery functionalities. These improved QDs have opened new possibilities for real-time imaging and tracking of molecular targets in living cells, for multiplexed analysis of biomolecular markers in clinical tissue specimens, and for ultrasensitive imaging of malignant tumors in living animal models. In this article, we briefly discuss recent developments in bioaffinity QD probes and their applications in molecular profiling of individual cancer cells and clinical tissue specimens.
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