Journal
MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS
Volume 25, Issue 1, Pages 77-98Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mas.20055
Keywords
invertebrate neuropeptides; sampling strategies; imaging mass spectrometry; post-translational modifications
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Funding
- NIDA NIH HHS [P30 DA018310, DA018310] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [NS31609, R01 NS031609] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [R29NS031609, R01NS031609] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE [P30DA018310] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Neuropeptides are a complex set of messenger molecules controlling a wide array of regulatory functions and behaviors within an organism. These neuromodulators are cleaved from longer protein molecules and often experience numerous Posttranslational modifications to achieve their bioactive form. As a result of this complexity, sensitive and versatile analysis schemes are needed to characterize neuropeptides. Mass spectrometry (MS) through a variety, of approaches has fueled the discovery of hundreds of neuropeptides in invertebrate species in the last decade. Particularly successful are direct tissue and single neuron analyses by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization (MALDI) MS, which has been used to elucidate approximately 440 neuropeptides, and examination of neuronal homogenates by electrospray ionization techniques (ESI), also leading to the characterization of over 450 peptides. Additional MS methods with great promise for the discovery of neuropeptides are MS imaging and large-scale peptidomics studies in combination with a sequenced genome. (C) 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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