Journal
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND EVOLUTION
Volume 68, Issue 3, Pages 157-172Publisher
KARGER
DOI: 10.1159/000094085
Keywords
evolution; NGF; BDNF; NT3; neurotrophic factor; Trk receptor; neuronal number; locus coeruleus; gene knock-out
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Funding
- NEI NIH HHS [EY12841] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDCD NIH HHS [DC00590] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE [R01EY012841] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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To better understand the role of multiple neurotrophin ligands and their receptors in vertebrate brain evolution, we examined the distribution of trk neurotrophin receptors in representatives of several vertebrate classes. Trk receptors are largely expressed in homologous neuronal populations among different species/classes of vertebrates. In many neurons, trkB and trkC receptors are co-expressed. TrkB and trkC receptors are primarily found in neurons with more restricted, specialized dendritic and axonal fields that are thought to be involved in discriminative or 'analytical' functions. The neurotrophin receptor trkA is expressed predominantly in neurons with larger, overlapping dendritic fields with more heterogeneous connections ('integrative' or 'modulatory' systems) such as nociceptive and sympathetic autonomic nervous system, locus coeruleus and cholinergic basal fore-brain. Surveys of trk receptor expression and function in the peripheral nervous system of different vertebrate classes reveal trends ranging from dependency on a single neurotrophin to a more complex dependency on increasing numbers of neurotrophins and their receptors, for example, in taste and inner ear innervation. Gene deletion studies in mice provide evidence for a complex regulation of neuronal survival of sensory ganglion cells by different neurotrophins. Although expression of neurotrophins and their receptors is predominantly conserved in most circuits, increasing diversity of neurotrophin ligands and their receptors and a more complex dependency of neurons on neurotrophins might have facilitated the formation of at least some new neuronal entities. Copyright (c) 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel.
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