Journal
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
Volume 39, Issue 6, Pages 1066-1074Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.02.016
Keywords
bone; fracture toughness; fracture mechanics; chevron-notched specimen
Categories
Funding
- NIDCR NIH HHS [1 R01 DE 13492-01] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL &CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH [R01DE013492] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Bone is an anisotropic material with a hierarchical structure consisting of organic matrix, minerals and water. Fracture toughness (KC) has been shown to be a good index to assess the mechanical performance of bone. A chevron-notched (CN) beam test, a standard fracture mechanics test successfully applied to many other materials, was used to determine the transverse-direction fracture toughness in manatee rib and bovine femur cortical bone. Although human and bovine bone has been well studied, there is virtually no information on the toughness of manatee rib bone. As a biological material, manatee rib is interesting for study in that it is a highly mineralized bone. Three major advantages of the CN specimen test are: (1) it is easier to reach plane strain condition; (2) there is no fatigue-precracking needed; and (3) it is relatively easy to produce stable crack propagation before catastrophic fracture. The fracture toughness values of manatee rib and bovine femur were Measured to be 4.5 +/- 0.5 M Pa m(1/2) and 5.8 +/- 0.5 MPa m(1/2), respectively. Based on the microstructures shown in SEM images, two features that contributed to the greater fracture toughness of bovine femur were identified as greater osteon density and lesser porosity. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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