Journal
CANCER RESEARCH
Volume 69, Issue 16, Pages 6414-6422Publisher
AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-1223
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Funding
- NIH [HHSN261 200800001]
- National Cancer Institute
- Center for Cancer Research
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Tumor metabolism and bioenergetics have become important topics for cancer research and are promising targets for anticancer therapy. Although glucose serves as the main source of energy, proline, an alternative substrate, is important, especially during nutrient stress. Proline oxidase (POX), catalyzing the first step in proline catabolism, is induced by p53 and can regulate cell survival as well as mediate programmed cell death. in a mouse xenograft tumor model, we found that POX greatly reduced tumor formation by causing G(2) cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining showed decreased POX expression in tumor tissues. Importantly, HIF-1 alpha signaling was impaired with POX expression due to the increased production of alpha-ketoglutarate, a critical substrate for prolyl hydroxylation and degradation of HIF-1 alpha. Combined with previous in vitro findings and reported clinical genetic associations, these new findings lead us to propose POX as a mitochondrial tumor suppressor and a potential target for cancer therapy. [Cancer Res 2009:69(16):6414-22]
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