Journal
INTERNAL MEDICINE
Volume 45, Issue 2, Pages 101-105Publisher
JAPAN SOC INTERNAL MEDICINE
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.45.1352
Keywords
atypical lymphocytosis; drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome; eosinophilia; human herpesvirus-6; sulfamethoxazole; trimethoprim
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A 27-year-old man who had a history of bronchial asthma, eosinophilic enteritis, and eosinophilic pneumonia presented with fever, skin eruptions, cervical lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia two weeks after receiving trimethoprim (TMP)-sulfamethoxazole (SMX) treatment. After the withdrawal of TMP-SMX and the administration of high-dose steroid, these systemic symptoms gradually resolved. During the disease course, the patient showed a transient increase in anti-human herpesvirus (HHV)-6 antibody titers and HHV-6 DNA in the peripheral blood, indicating the reactivation of a latent HHV-6 infection. This is the first case of TMP-SMX-induced hypersensitivity syndrome associated with the reactivation of a latent viral infection.
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