Journal
NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA
Volume 44, Issue 8, Pages 1336-1343Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2006.01.008
Keywords
human immunodeficiency virus; memory; cognitive processes
Funding
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH [P30MH062512] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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The aim of the present study was to investigate the nature and cognitive mechanisms of serial position learning effects in HIV-associated dementia (HAD). Participants were 16 persons with HAD, 50 non-demented persons with HIV-infection, and 50 demographically comparable HIV-seronegative participants. HAD participants, relative to both comparison groups, exhibited reduced middle region (p < 0.01) and elevated recency region (p < 0.05) recall on the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised, but no primacy region effect (p > 0.10). On recognition testing, the HAD group was impaired in discriminating targets from distractors (p < 0.01) in all three serial position regions; however, they were not impaired on measures of retrieval (p > 0.10) within these same regions. In sum, HAD participants relied disproportionately on recency regions of the list, indicating a passive recall style of echoing only the words within their auditory attention span. Interestingly, HAD participants did not evidence significant improvement on measures of recognition, a finding that suggests that the serial position effects are most consistent with a primary encoding deficit. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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