Journal
CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages 196-203Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2006.00781.x
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To screen for an effective antiviral compound which acts as a membrane fluidity modulator, dichotomous effects on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection due to different treatments of several glycolipids and lipids were examined. Continuous treatment of infected cells with 40 mu g ml(-1) fattiviracin FV-8, a neutral glycolipid isolated from Streptomycetes, inhibited HIV-1 infection by 96%, whereas pretreatment with 400 mu g ml(-1) enhanced infectivity 4.7-fold. The glycolipid showed similar effects as glycyrrhizin; it inhibited infection by broad enveloped viruses, blocked cell-cell fusion, reduced the infectivity of treated virions and enhanced susceptibility to viral infection and cell-cell fusion of cells pretreated with high doses of the compound. Suppression and enhancement was correlated with decreased and increased fluidity of plasma membrane of the fattiviracin FV-8-treated cells. Restricted movement of membrane molecules might impede the formation of a wide fusion pore, and therefore be critical to the entry of viruses. Thus, this can be applied as a new strategy to inhibit viral infections.
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