Taurine chloramine differentially inhibits matrix metalloproteinase 1 and 13 synthesis in interleukin-1 beta stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes

It has been suggested that taurine chloramine (TauCl) plays an important role in the downregulation of proinflammatory mediators. However, little is known about its effect on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases ( MMPs). In this study, we investigated the effects of TauCl on synovial expression of MMPs. The effects of TauCl on MMP expression in IL-1 beta stimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) were studied using the following techniques. Real-time PCR and semi-quantitative PCR were employed to analyze the mRNA expression of MMPs. ELISA was used to determine protein levels of MMPs. Western blot analyses were performed to analyze the mitogen-activated protein kinase and inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappa B (I kappa B) kinase signalling pathways. Finally, electrophoretic mobility shift assay and immunohistochemistry were used to assess localization of transcription factors. IL-1 beta increased the transcriptional and translational levels of MMP-1 and MMP-13 in rheumatoid arthritis FLSs, whereas the levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were unaffected. TauCl at a concentration of 400 to 600 mu mol/l greatly inhibited the transcriptional and translational expression of MMP-13, but the expression of MMP-1 was significantly inhibited at 800 mol/l. At a concentration of 600 mol/l, TauCl did not significantly inhibit phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase or I kappa B degradation in IL-1 beta stimulated rheumatoid arthritis FLSs. The degradation of I kappa B was significantly inhibited at a TauCl concentration of 800 mu mol/ I. The inhibitory effect of TauCl on I kappa B degradation was confirmed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and immunochemical staining for localization of nuclear factor-kappa B. TauCl differentially inhibits the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-13, and inhibits expression of MMP-1 primarily through the inhibition of I kappa B degradation, whereas it inhibits expression of MMP-13 through signalling pathways other than the I kappa B pathway.