Journal
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS
Volume 37, Issue 1, Pages 108-121Publisher
SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.1007/s10803-006-0342-4
Keywords
autism; siblings; Still Face paradigm; visual fixation patterns; Eye-Mouth Index (EMI); face perception; high-risk infants
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Funding
- NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH068398, MH068398] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH [R01MH068398] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Thirty-one infant siblings of children with autism and 24 comparison infants were tested at 6 months of age during social interaction with a caregiver, using a modified Still Face paradigm conducted via a closed-circuit TV-video system. In the Still Face paradigm, the mother interacts with the infant, then freezes and displays a neutral, expressionless face, then resumes interaction. Eye tracking data on infant visual fixation patterns were recorded during the three episodes of the experiment. Using a hierarchical cluster analysis, we identified a subgroup of infants demonstrating diminished gaze to the mother's eyes relative to her mouth during the Still Face episode. Ten out of the 11 infants in this subgroup had an older sibling with autism.
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