Journal
MEDICAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTING
Volume 45, Issue 4, Pages 327-336Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s11517-007-0176-z
Keywords
tissue engineering; vascular graft; endothelialisation; elastin; collagen; endothelial progenitor cell; stem cell; small intestinal submucosa; burst pressure; stem cell
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The multiple demands placed on small calibre cardiovascular bypass grafts have meant that a synthetic prosthesis with good long-term patency has not been developed. A tissue-engineered graft could fulfil the ideal characteristics present in an artery. However, the great disadvantage of such a conduit is the time necessary for maturation leading to unacceptable delays once the decision to intervene surgically has been made. This maturation process is essential to produce a graft which can withstand haemodynamic stress. Once implanted, the tissue-engineered graft can contract in response to immediate haemodynamic conditions and remodel in the long term. We review the latest tissue engineering approaches used to give the favourable properties of mechanical strength, arterial compliance, low thrombogenicity, long-term resistance towards biodegradation as well as technological advances which shorten the time required for production of an implantable graft.
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