Journal
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
Volume 211, Issue 2, Pages 252-259Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/path.2097
Keywords
musculoskeletal; ageing; bone; cartilage; intervertebral disc; ligament; matrix; cell biology
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In general terms, the recognized alterations in circulating Immoral factors (hormones, cytokines, growth factors) that occur in ageing, coupled with innate cellular senescence exaggerated by the slow turnover of many connective tissue cell populations and the age-associated alterations in matrix molecule cross-linking, predispose the elderly to altered connective tissue biology. These changes can be profound, leading to poor mobility, altered ability to withstand cold, weakness and an increased risk of falls, fractures and age-associated 'degenerative' diseases, such as osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. As understanding of the causes of altered connective tissue function with age increases, it is becoming clearer that many of the predisposing factors (growth hormone, cytokines, load/life style) are potential targets for improving quality of life in the elderly. Copyright (c) 2007 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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