Journal
CURRENT DRUG TARGETS
Volume 8, Issue 12, Pages 1249-1263Publisher
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/138945007783220597
Keywords
macrophage foam cell; modified lipoprotein; scavenger receptor; oxidation; secretory phospholipase A2
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Funding
- NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL071098] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE [R01HL071098] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Macrophage-derived foam cells play integral roles in all stages of atherosclerosis. These lipid-laden immune cells are present from the earliest discernable fatty-streak lesions to advanced plaques, and are key regulators of the patho-logic behavior of plaques. This review summarizes the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate macrophage cholesterol uptake, foam cell formation, and lipid-driven pro-inflammatory responses that promote atherosclerosis. Specific emphasis will be placed on recent findings from mouse models of atherosclerosis regarding the pathways of macrophage differentiation into foam cells and their implications for developing macrophage-directed therapeutic targets.
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