Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
Volume 51, Issue 6-7, Pages 507-520Publisher
UNIV BASQUE COUNTRY UPV-EHU PRESS
DOI: 10.1387/ijdb.072380tw
Keywords
axis; inner ear; otic vesicle; otocyst; axial patterning
Categories
Funding
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [G19428] Funding Source: Medline
- Medical Research Council [G0400100B] Funding Source: researchfish
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Axial patterning in the vertebrate inner ear has been studied for over eighty years, and recent work has made great progress towards an understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for establishing asymmetries about the otic axes. Tissues extrinsic to the ear provide sources of signalling molecules that are active early in development, at or before otic placode stages, while intrinsic factors interpret these signals to establish and maintain axial pattern. Key features of dorsoventral otic patterning in amniote embryos involve Wnt and Fgf signalling from the hindbrain and Hh signalling from midline tissues (notochord and floorplate). Mutual antagonism between these pathways and their downstream targets within the otic epithelium help to refine and maintain dorsoventral axial patterning in the ear. In the zebrafish ear, the same tissues and signals are implicated, but appear to play a role in anteroposterior, rather than dorsoventral, otic patterning. Despite this paradox, conservation of mechanisms may be higher than is at first apparent.
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