Journal
CANCER GENE THERAPY
Volume 21, Issue 8, Pages 317-332Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2014.32
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Funding
- Consejeraia Andaluza de Salud (SAS) [PI 09/0382]
- Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias
- ISCII (FIS) [PI11/01022]
- Red Genomica del Cancer [RETIC RD 06/0020]
- Plan Andaluz de Investigacion [Group CTS 143]
- Biobank Projects [RD 09/0076/00165, PI13/0010/0039]
- Proyecto de Excelencia de Consejeria de Inovacion [CTS 03,952, CVI 4740]
- European Network for the identification and validation of antigens and biomarkers in cancer and their application in clinical tumor immunology (ENACT) project (European community) [LSHC-CT-2004-503306]
- FPS
- ISCIII
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Optimal tumor cell surface expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules is essential for the presentation of tumor-associated peptides to T-lymphocytes. However, a hallmark of many types of tumor is the loss or downregulation of HLA class I expression associated with ineffective tumor antigen presentation to T cells. Frequently, HLA loss can be caused by structural alterations in genes coding for HLA class I complex, including the light chain of the complex, beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m). Its best-characterized function is to interact with HLA heavy chain and stabilize the complex leading to a formation of antigen-binding cleft recognized by T-cell receptor on CD8+ T cells. Our previous study demonstrated that alterations in the beta 2m gene are frequently associated with cancer immune escape leading to metastatic progression and resistance to immunotherapy. These types of defects require genetic transfer strategies to recover normal expression of HLA genes. Here we characterize a replication-deficient adenoviral vector carrying human beta 2m gene, which is efficient in recovering proper tumor cell surface HLA class I expression in beta 2m-negative tumor cells without compromising the antigen presentation machinery. Tumor cells transduced with beta 2m induced strong activation of T cells in a peptide-specific HLA-restricted manner. Gene therapy using recombinant adenoviral vectors encoding HLA genes increases tumor antigen presentation and represents a powerful tool for modulation of tumor cell immunogenicity by restoration of missing or altered HLA genes. It should be considered as part of cancer treatment in combination with immunotherapy.
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