Journal
OCEAN MODELLING
Volume 18, Issue 3-4, Pages 175-193Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ocemod.2007.04.002
Keywords
data assimilation; 4D-Var; adjoint method; initial conditions; surface boundary conditions; storm surge simulation; numerical model
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An adjoint data assimilation methodology is applied to the Princeton Ocean Model and is evaluated by obtaining optimal initial conditions, sea surface forcing conditions, or both for coastal storm surge modelling. By prescribing different error sources and setting the corresponding control variables, we performed several sets of identical twin experiments by assimilating model-generated water levels. The experiment results show that, when the forecasting errors are caused by the initial (or surface boundary) conditions, adjusting initial (or surface boundary) conditions accordingly can significantly improve the storm surge simulation. However, when the forecasting errors are caused by surface boundary (or initial) conditions, data assimilation targeting improving the initial (or surface boundary) conditions is ineffective. When the forecasting errors are caused by both the initial and surface boundary conditions, adjusting both the initial and surface boundary conditions leads to the best results. In practice, we do not know whether the errors are caused by initial conditions or surface boundary conditions, therefore it is better to adjust both initial and surface boundary conditions in adjoint data assimilation. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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