Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
Volume 9, Issue 1-3, Pages 197-206Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/15226510701376026
Keywords
X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES); Brassica juncea; catalysis; enzyme; phytomining; concentration
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Funding
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [S06GM008012] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NIGMS NIH HHS [S06 GM8012-33] Funding Source: Medline
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Enzymatic digestion is proposed as a method for concentrating gold nanoparticles produced in plants. The mild conditions of digestion are used in order to avoid an increase in the gold particle size, which would occur with a high-temperature process, so that material suitable for catalysis may be produced. Gold nanoparticles of a 5-50-nm diameter, as revealed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), at concentrations 760 and 1120 ppm An, were produced within Brassica juncea grown on soil with 22-48 mg Au kg(-1). X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES) reveals that the plant contained approximately equal quantities of An in the metallic (Au-0) and oxidized (Au+1) states. Enzymatic digestion dissolved 55-60 wt% of the plant matter. Due to the loss of the soluble gold fraction, no significant increase in the total concentration of gold in the samples was observed. However, it is likely that the concentration of the gold nanoparticles increased by a factor of two. To obtain a gold concentration suitable for catalytic reactions, around 95 wt% of the starting dry biomass would need to be solubilized or removed, which has not yet been achieved.
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