Journal
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
Volume 103, Issue 6, Pages 1384-1396Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.12438
Keywords
aquatic plant ecology; biogeochemical cycles; cell size; functional groups; global change; phytoplankton community structure; trade-offs
Categories
Funding
- NSF
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Div Of Biological Infrastructure [1402074] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Directorate For Geosciences
- Division Of Ocean Sciences [0928819] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Environmental Biology
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1136710, 0845932] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Phytoplankton are key players in the global carbon cycle, contributing about half of global primary productivity. Within the phytoplankton, functional groups (characterized by distinct traits) have impacts on other major biogeochemical cycles, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and silica. Changes in phytoplankton community structure, resulting from the unique environmental sensitivities of these groups, may significantly alter elemental cycling from local to global scales. We review key traits that distinguish major phytoplankton functional groups, how they affect biogeochemistry and how the links between community structure and biogeochemical cycles are modelled. Finally, we explore how global environmental change will affect phytoplankton communities, from the traits of individual species to the relative abundance of functional groups, and how that, in turn, may alter biogeochemical cycles.Synthesis. We can increase our mechanistic understanding of the links between the community structure of primary producers and biogeochemistry by focusing on traits determining functional group responses to the environment (response traits) and their biogeochemical functions (effect traits). Identifying trade-offs including allometric and phylogenetic constraints among traits will help parameterize predictive biogeochemical models, enhancing our ability to anticipate the consequences of global change.
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