Journal
CANCER AND METASTASIS REVIEWS
Volume 29, Issue 3, Pages 553-568Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10555-010-9246-z
Keywords
Tomato; Food science; Cancer; Horticulture; Prevention; Clinical trials
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Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA125384] Funding Source: Medline
- NCRR NIH HHS [UL1 RR025755] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R01CA125384] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES [UL1RR025755] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Evidence derived from a vast array of laboratory studies and epidemiological investigations have implicated diets rich in fruits and vegetables with a reduced risk of certain cancers. However, these approaches cannot demonstrate causal relationships and there is a paucity of randomized, controlled trials due to the difficulties involved with executing studies of food and behavioral change. Rather than pursuing the definitive intervention trials that are necessary, the thrust of research in recent decades has been driven by a reductionist approach focusing upon the identification of bioactive components in fruits and vegetables with the subsequent development of single agents using a pharmacologic approach. At this point in time, there are no chemopreventive strategies that are standard of care in medical practice that have resulted from this approach. This review describes an alternative approach focusing upon development of tomato-based food products for human clinical trials targeting cancer prevention and as an adjunct to therapy. Tomatoes are a source of bioactive phytochemicals and are widely consumed. The phytochemical pattern of tomato products can be manipulated to optimize anticancer activity through genetics, horticultural techniques, and food processing. The opportunity to develop a highly consistent tomato-based food product rich in anticancer phytochemicals for clinical trials targeting specific cancers, particularly the prostate, necessitates the interactive transdisciplinary research efforts of horticulturalists, food technologists, cancer biologists, and clinical translational investigators.
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