Journal
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
Volume 22, Issue 1, Pages 117-123Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/humrep/del346
Keywords
anti-Mullerian hormone; Mullerian inhibiting substance; ovary; premature ovarian failure
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BACKGROUND: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is generally irreversible. However, developing follicles up to the antral stage are reported in POF and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) might be a good indicator of follicular presence. This study analysed serum AMH, ovarian histology and AMH immunoexpression in POF patients. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 48 POF patients in an Endocrinology Department setting. Patients had an ovarian biopsy simultaneously with serum AMH sampling and/or ovarian AMH immunostaining. RESULTS: Mean serum AMH was 1.04 +/- 1.66 ng/ml. Serum AMH was significantly higher in women with 15 or more follicles at ovarian histology (P = 0.001). Comparison of ovarian AMH immunostaining from POF patients and 10 normal controls revealed a normal AMH expression in POF pre-antral follicles, but a decreased expression at the early antral stages. Serum AMH was undetectable in 77% of the patients with 0-5 AMH immunopositive follicles and detectable in 100% of the patients with more than 15 AMH immunopositive follicles. CONCLUSIONS: AMH levels in POF patients could identify women with persistent follicles. The decrease of AMH immunoexpression in POF antral follicles could suggest a defect of antral development.
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