Defect chemistry and electrical degradation of BaTiO3 co-doped with Ho and Mn

Defect chemistry and electrical degradation of BaTiO3 co-doped with holmium (Ho) and manganese (Mn) have been studied in terms of electrical conductivity, oxygen vacancy concentration, leakage current and thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC). Ba(Ti0.99Ho0.01)O-2.995 showed considerable leakage currents, compared with the un-doped BaTiO3. The specimen co-doped with Ho and Mn showed a stable leakage current behavior with time, which was much lower than that of un-doped BaTiO3. TSDC of Ba(Ti0.99Ho0.01)O-2.995 increased drastically at the temperature range above 50 degrees C. TSDC of (Ba0.99H0.01)(Ti0.995Mn0.005)O-3 decreased at > 150 degrees C, whereas a abrupt increase in TSDC was observed with the specimens of Ba(Ti0.985Ho0.01Mn0.005)O2.995-delta (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.