Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 292, Issue 1, Pages R18-R36Publisher
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00327.2006
Keywords
oxidative damage; antioxidants; free radicals; reactive oxygen species; hyperthermia; caloric restriction
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Funding
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING [R01AG012350, R29AG012350] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Aging is an inherently complex process that is manifested within an organism at genetic, molecular, cellular, organ, and system levels. Although the fundamental mechanisms are still poorly understood, a growing body of evidence points toward reactive oxygen species (ROS) as one of the primary determinants of aging. The oxidative stress theory holds that a progressive and irreversible accumulation of oxidative damage caused by ROS impacts on critical aspects of the aging process and contributes to impaired physiological function, increased incidence of disease, and a reduction in life span. While compelling correlative data have been generated to support the oxidative stress theory, a direct cause-and-effect relationship between the accumulation of oxidatively mediated damage and aging has not been strongly established. The goal of this minireview is to broadly describe mechanisms of in vivo ROS generation, examine the potential impact of ROS and oxidative damage on cellular function, and evaluate how these responses change with aging in physiologically relevant situations. In addition, the mounting genetic evidence that links oxidative stress to aging is discussed, as well as the potential challenges and benefits associated with the development of antiaging interventions and therapies.
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