Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
Volume 85, Issue 1, Pages 269S-276SPublisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/85.1.269S
Keywords
vitamin and mineral supplements; bioavailability; bioequivalence; drug interactions; supplement composition; supplement definitions
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Although multivitamins, multiminerals, and similar terms (eg, multis or multiples) are commonly used, they have no standard scientific, regulatory, or marketplace definitions. Thus, multivitamins-multiminerals refers to products with widely varied compositions and characteristics. Multivitamin-multi mineral composition databases use label values as surrogates for analyzed values. However, actual vitamin and mineral amounts often deviate from label values. Vitamin and mineral bioavailability for dietary supplements also lacks a standard scientific and regulatory definition and validated in vitro and animal models that accurately reflect human bioavailabilities. Systematic information on the bioavailability and bioequivalence of vitamins and minerals in marketed products and on potential drug interactions is scarce. Because of limited information on product characteristics, our ability to directly compare results across studies, estimate changes in usage patterns or intakes over time, and generalize from published results to marketed products is problematic.
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