Artificial neural network modeling for temperature and moisture content prediction in tomato slices undergoing microwave-vacuum drying

Inputs for ANN (multihidden-layer feed-forward artificial neural network) models were drying time (t(i + 1)), initial temperature (T-0), moisture content (MC0), microwave power, and vacuum pressure. The outputs were temperature (Ti + 1) and moisture content (MCi +1) at a given t(i +1). After training ANN models with experimental data using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, a two-hidden-layer model (25-35) was determined to be the most appropiate model. The mean relative error (MRE) and mean absolute error (MAE) of this model for Ti + 1 were 1.53% and 0.77 degrees C, respectively. In the case of MCi + 1, the MRE and MAE were 11.48% and 0.04kg(water)/kg(dry), respectively. Using temperature (T-i) and moisture content (MCi) values at t(i) in the input layer significantly reduced the computation errors such that MRE and MAE for Ti + 1 were 0.35% and 0.18 degrees C, respectively. In contrast, these error values for MCi + 1 were 1.78% (MRE) and 0.01kg(water)/kg(dry) (MAE). These results indicate that ANN models were able to recognize relationships between process parameters and product conditions. The model may provide information regarding microwave power and vacuum pressure to prevent thermal damage and improve drying efficiencies.