Journal
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
Volume 65, Issue -, Pages 105-109Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S0195-6701(07)60025-5
Keywords
Staphylococcus aureus; virulence factors; superantigenic toxins; Panton Valentine leukocidin; meticillin resistance
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Staphylococcus aureus produces many virulence factors, most of which act in a synergistic and coordinated fashion. Some appear to be specifically associated with certain severe infections and are produced by meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clones distributed worldwide. Superantigenic exotoxins appear to be major virulence factors in hospital MRSA clones (HA-MRSA), and staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) may be involved in the physiopathology of septic shock. Panton Valentine Leucocidin (PVL) has emerged as a major virulence factor in community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections. In particular, the Leukotoxic action of PVL is responsible for the high mortality rate associated with necrotizing pneumonia. CA-MRSA can also harbour the toxic shock toxin 1 (TSST-1) and rarely the exfoliative toxin. (C) 2007 The Hospital Infection Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Alt rights reserved.
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