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Functional foods and nutraceuticals as therapeutic tools for the treatment of diet-related diseases

Journal

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
Volume 91, Issue 6, Pages 387-396

Publisher

CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING
DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2012-0307

Keywords

ageing; diet; functional foods; immunity; inflammation; nutraceuticals; obesity; post-prandial stress

Funding

  1. University of Bari, Bari (Italy)
  2. University of Bari, Bari (Italy) [PONa300395]

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In Western societies, the incidence of diet-related diseases is progressively increasing due to greater availability of hypercaloric food and a sedentary lifestyle. Obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and neurodegeneration are major diet-related pathologies that share a common pathogenic denominator of low-grade inflammation. Functional foods and nutraceuticals may represent a novel therapeutic approach to prevent or attenuate diet-related disease in view of their ability to exert anti-inflammatory responses. In particular, activation of intestinal T regulatory cells and homeostatic regulation of the gut microbiota have the potential to reduce low-grade inflammation in diet-related diseases. In this review, clinical applications of polyphenol-rich functional foods and nutraceuticals in postprandial inflammation, obesity, and ageing will be discussed. We have placed special emphasis on polyphenols since they are broadly distributed in plants.

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