Journal
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH BEHAVIOR
Volume 32, Issue 1, Pages 93-110Publisher
PNG PUBLICATIONS
DOI: 10.5993/AJHB.32.1.9
Keywords
smoking; physical activity; literature review
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Objectives: To better understand the co-occurrence of smoking and physical inactivity. Methods: A review of 5 databases identified 50 articles reporting empirical relationships between smoking and physical activity (PA). Results: Almost 60% of the articles reported a definitely negative association, but this relationship was often attenuated or reversed among adolescents and males and for moderate (vs vigorous) exercise. Stages of change for smoking and PA were relatively unrelated. Conclusion: Smoking and PA are largely incongruent behaviors. Potential explanations for the observed relationships are described. These ranged from physiological (eg, lung function) to psychological (eg, depression) to socio-demographic (eg, education) factors.
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