Father involvement in early childhood programs: review of the literature

Father involvement in early childhood programs (ECPs) has increased rapidly during the past 1015 years. This review of our understanding of the current state of father involvement in ECPs employs two theoretical frameworks: ecological perspective and situated fathering. We draw from the research and practice literature to understand the current levels of father involvement in early education programs, the factors that support this type of father involvement, the barriers to father involvement, and strategies for increasing father involvement in ECPs. Recommendations for future research on father involvement initiatives are also discussed.